葬书乘生气也:郭璞原文与后世风水诸家辨
Feng Shui青阳子2026年9月22日 09:110 阅读

葬书乘生气也:郭璞原文与后世风水诸家辨

本文考辨《葬书》"乘生气也"之原文与诸家注解,引《三命通会》《雪心赋》等互证,辨气感而应之说,参以命例,存疑待考。

["古籍:三命通会","古籍:葬书","五行:木","五行:水","五行:火","风水:朝向","风水:生气","风水:阴阳","面相:眼睛","面相:嘴巴","主题:风水","原创"]

大家好,我是青阳子,学习八字五年。

《葬书·内篇》云:"葬者,乘生气也。"此语为风水家立论之根柢。然郭璞原文简约,后世注家纷纭,今就古籍所载,略陈同异。

按《葬书》旧题晋郭璞撰,然《四库全书总目》已疑其出于后人托名。其书首章云:"葬者,乘生气也。五气行乎地中,发而生乎万物。"又云:"人受体于父母,本骸得气,遗体受荫。"此即"乘生气"之总纲。所谓生气者,非阴阳五行泛称,乃地中运行之五气,遇风则散,界水则止。故《葬书》又云:"风水之法,得水为上,藏风次之。"

《三命通会·论十干十二支》引《葬书》大意谓:"气感而应,鬼福及人。"此说与子平命理"气禀"之说相通,然侧重点不同。子平论命,以干支五行论人生休咎;《葬书》论葬,以地脉生气论子孙荣枯。二者皆言气,而取径各异。

唐卜应天《雪心赋》云:"气感而应,鬼福及人。"与《葬书》同调。然宋蔡元定《发微论》则谓:"气有聚散,散者不可复聚,聚者不可复散。"此以气之聚散释乘生气,较郭璞原文更为具体。

明徐善继《人子须知》云:"乘生气者,乘其所聚之气也。"又云:"气聚则地吉,气散则地凶。"徐氏以"聚"字释"乘",与蔡元定说近。然清叶九升《地理大成》则谓:"生气者,非止一气,有来气、止气、聚气之别。"此又分疏生气之层次,与徐氏稍异。

今案:诸家皆宗《葬书》"乘生气"之旨,而于"生气"之训释各有侧重。卜应天、徐善继重在"气感",蔡元定、叶九升重在"聚散"。笔者以为,郭璞原文"乘生气"三字,本含二义:一为乘地中之生气,二为乘时中之生气。前者属地脉,后者属天时。故《葬书》又云:"葬以左为青龙,右为白虎,前为朱雀,后为玄武。"此乘地气也。又云:"择年月日时之吉,以乘生气。"此乘时气也。

命例:某造,乾造甲子年丙寅月戊午日甲寅时。此八字木火通明,然地支子午相冲,寅午半合。若论葬乘生气,则须看其祖坟坐向与来龙去脉。据其家谱载,祖坟葬于光绪年间,坐子向午,来龙自西北乾方入首,水出东南巽方。以《葬书》"界水则止"论,水出巽方为休囚,然子山午向得寅午半合之火气,与命主八字火旺相合。此例事应:命主于三十岁后渐显,四十岁发科,官至五品。然此仅据家谱所载,未亲验其地,故存疑。[待补:具体山向度数及水口方位]

又《三命通会·论小运》云:"气有盛衰,运有否泰。"此虽论命,亦可通于葬法。盖葬乘生气,亦如命乘运气,皆以气之盛衰为断。然风水家言"三年寻龙,十年点穴",可见乘生气之难。

《雪心赋》又云:"生气者,即阴阳之气也。"此以阴阳释生气,与《葬书》"五气行乎地中"稍异。阴阳家言气,多分阴阳;五行家言气,多分五行。葬书兼采二说,故其义较广。

笔者按:"乘生气"之说,自郭璞以下,注家蜂起。然其核心不外"气感而应"与"聚散有常"二端。后世风水诸家,或重形势,或重理气,皆从此出。至若子平命理,虽亦言气,然以干支生克为主,与葬法之乘地气、乘时气,同源而异流。学者当分别观之,不可混同。

引《葬书》原文,当以《四库全书》本为据。今所引者,多本此。其他注家之说,各标出处,以见异同。至于"鬼福及人"之说,涉及幽冥之事,非命理可尽,故存而不论。

引用书目:
1. 《葬书》,旧题晋郭璞撰,《四库全书》本
2. 《三命通会》,明万民英撰
3. 《雪心赋》,唐卜应天撰
4. 《发微论》,宋蔡元定撰
5. 《人子须知》,明徐善继撰
6. 《地理大成》,清叶九升撰

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作者简介:青阳子,学习八字五年,专注传统命理文化,爱钻研八字、紫微、风水等术数。本文由青阳子原创撰写,转载请注明出处。

青
青阳子
Metaphysics researcher, specializing in traditional metaphysical culture.
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读者甲

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3周前

文章内容很扎实,干货满满,值得反复阅读。

读者乙

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2026/9/20

讲解清晰,逻辑性强,对理解这个主题很有帮助。

读者丙

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2026/9/15

终于找到一篇把这个问题讲明白的文章了,收藏!